پژوهش در طب ورزشی و فناوری

ارتباط میان برخی از شاخص‌های آنتروپومتریکی و بیومکانیکی شناگران دختر در شنای کرال سینه و پشت

نویسندگان

راضیه یعقوبی
حیدر صادقی
علی یعقوبی
چکیده
پارامترهای آنتروپومتریکی و بیومکانیکی در بهبود سطح کیفی اجرای مهارت­‌های ورزشی تأثیرگذار است و شناسایی و ارتباط میان این عوامل برای محققان و متخصصان علوم ورزشی قابل توجه است. هدف از انجام این مطالعه ارتباط میان برخی از شاخص‌­های آنتروپومتریکی و بیومکانیکی شناگران دختر در شنای کرال سینه و پشت بود. 20شناگر دختر؛ در میانگین و انحراف معیار (سن 2±12سال، قد 11/23±147/50 سانتیمتر، وزن 9/58±39/53کیلوگرم) بعنوان آزمودنی شرکت کردند. پس از تکمیل فرم رضایت‌­نامه و اطلاعات فردی، ویژگی­‌های آنتروپومتریکی، دامنه حرکتی، قدرت آزمودنی­‌ها، رکورد شناگران همراه با اطلاعات مربوط به تعداد دورهای کامل حرکت دست­‌ها و تعداد ضربات پاها در مسافت 25متر اندازه­‌گیری شد. برای تحلیل اطلاعات از آمار توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف استاندارد) و آمار استنباطی (همبستگی پیرسون، تحلیل عاملی برای تعیینشاخص‌­های اصلی اثرگذار و رگرسیون چندمتغیری برای تعیین نقششاخص­‌های اصلی گزینش­شده) استفاده شد. نتایج بیانگر ارتباط معنی­‌دار قد و وزن با طول ضربه شناگران شنای کرال سینه وارتباط معنی­‌دار پهنای لگن و پهنای سر با قدرت تحتانی شناگران شنای کرال سینه و پشت بود، همچنینارتباط معنی­‌داری میان تیپ بدن (اندومورف، مزومورف) با برخی از شاخص‌­های بیومکانیکی (سرعت، تعداد ضربات پاها، قدرت فوقانی، دامنه حرکتی هایپر اکستنشن ران) شناگران مشاهده شد. نتایج بدست آمده مؤید وجود ارتباط میان درصدی از شاخص­‌های آنتروپومتریکی و بیومکانیکی شناگران شنای کرال­ سینه و پشت بود. ضمن این­کهبرخی پیش­گویی­کننده­‌های پارامترهای بیومکانیکی در دو شنای کرال سینه و پشت با شناگران یکسان با هم متفاوت بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنتروپومتریک
بیومکانیک
شنای کرال سینه
شنای کرال پشت

عنوان مقاله English

The relationship between some of anthropometrical and biomechanical parameters, front and back crawl swimming in girl’s swimmers

نویسندگان English

Razie Yaqoubi
Heydar Sadeghi
Ali Yaqoubi
چکیده English

Since the anthropometric and biomechanical parameters role is effective in improving the quality of sports skills, researchers and sports scientists are interesting to identify and communicate between these factors. The purpose of this study was making relationship between some of anthropometrical and biomechanical parameter of girl swimmers in swimming breast strokes. Twenty girl Swimmers (mean±SD: age 12±2 years; heights 147.50±11.23 cm; weights 39.53±9.58 kg) performed in this study. After compeletting the personal and satisfaction form anthropometric charactrastics, motion domain, power swimmer’s record along with information about the number of arm and leg kicks in distance of 25 meters was measured. Descriptive statics (mean, Standard deviation) and deductive statics (pearson corrolation, principle component analysis (PCA) to the determine the main parameters influencing and multiple regression to determine the role of main parameters selected) were used for data analysis. Results indicate the relationship between weight and length with swimmers stroke length in swimming breast stroke. Also there was a relationship between body type (endo morph, mezzo morph) with some of swimmers biomechanical parameters (speed, number of legs kicks, top power, hyper extension, motion domin of thigh). The given results indicate that there was a relationship between percentage of the anthropometric and biomechanical parameters in swimmers, and some of biomechanical parameters predictors of back and front crawl swimming in the same swimmer were different.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Anthropometric
Biomechanic
front crawl swimming
Back Crawl Swimming
1. Salami, F., Nikbakht, H., Sabaghian, S. (2004). The relationship between the propulsion force in butterfly stroke with some anthropometric measurements of female club swimmers in Tehran province. Master's Degree, TarbiatMoallem University. (Persian)
2. Bloomfield, J., Auckland, T.R., Elliot B.S. (1994). Biomechanics and applied anatomy in sport. Translated by Saeed Arsham. Published by FarDanesh Pajjohan Inc. 2003. (Persian)
3. Blomfield, J., Blankshy, B. (1973). Anatomical features (ivolved) in developing the idea swimming stroke. International Swimmer. 8: 8-9.
4. Nigam, S.H. (2010). Relationship between different swimming styles and somatotype in national level swimmer. British of Journal Sports Medicine. 44: 231-6.
5. Alonitou, E. (1994). Somatometric variables for preadolescent swimmers. Journal Sports Medicine Physical Fitness. 34: 185-91.
6. Meleski, B.W., Shoup, R.F., Malina, R.M. (1982). Physique and bady composition of competitive female swimmers, 11 through 20 years of age. Human Biological. 54: 609-25.
7. Sortwell, A.D. (2011). Relationship between stroking parameters and leg movement quantity in 100 metre front crawl. International Journal Exercise Science. 4: 261-8.
8. Hlavaty, R. (2010). The anthropometric and kinematic determinants of swimming performance. Joint International IGIP-SEFI Annual Conference; 22.09. 2010, Trnava , Slovakia.
9. Geladas, N.D., Nassis, G.P., Pavlicevic, S. (2005). Somatic and physical traits affecting sprint swimming performance in young swimmers. International Journal Sports Medicine. 26: 139-44.
10. Chengalur, S.N., Brown, P.L. (1992). An analysis of male and female olimpic swimmers in the 200 meter event. Journal of Sport Science. 44: 61-6.
11. Gaeini, A.A., Sheykholslami Vatani, D., Fayaz Milani, R., Lari, A.A. (2007). The relationship between records of selected swimmer girls with their cardio vascular efficiency, somatotype and anthropometric features. Research on Sport Science. 5 (15): 9- 21. (Persian)
12. Tabatabaeyan, F. (1997). Relationship between special swimming time and some physical characteristics in Iranian swimmers. Master's Degree, TarbiatMoallem University. (Persian)
13. Sabaghian Rad, L. (2001). Relationship between body type and maximum oxygen consumption with a record 100 meters of swimmers swimming in Tehran. Master's Degree, Islamic Azad University. (Persian)
14. Brach, J. S., Simonsick, E. M., Kritchevsky, S., Yaffe, K., Newman, A. B., Health, A., & Group, B. C. S. R. (2004). The association between physical function and lifestyle activity and exercise in the health, aging and body composition study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 52(4): 502-9.
15. Sheikh, M., Shahbazi, M., Boroujeni, Sh. (2006.). Measurement and evaluation in physical education and sport sciences. Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran. 1st ed, Bamdad Book Publisher. (Persian)
16. Carter, J.E.L. (2005). The Heath- Carter anthropometric somatotype. Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University; 92182-7251. U.S.A.
17. Rodr´guez, G., Moreno, L.A., Blay, M.G., Blay, V.A., Fleta, J., Sarr, A., Bueno, M. (2005). Body fat measurement in adolescents: comparison of skinfold thickness equations with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 59(10): 1158–66.
18. James, J. Hey. (2000). Biomechanics of Techniques. Translation by Farideh Hadavi. Nashre Dana Publisher Inc. (Persian)
19. Kukolj, M. Ropret, R., Ugurkovic, D. (1999). Anthropometric, strength and power predictors of spinning performance. Journal Sports Medicine Pphysical Fitness. 39(2): 120-2.
20. Pourbehzadi, M. (2011). Relationship between trunk posture and anthropometric parameters with biomechanical parameters of dragon boat Iranian female athletes. Master's Thesis, Islamic Azad University. (Persian)
21. Counsilman, J. E. (1977).Competitive swimming gaudiness for coaches and swimmers. Translation by Fatemeh Salami. 2nd ed, Academic Publishing Center, 1998. (Persian)
22. Thompson, C.W., Floyd, R.T. (1998). Manual of structural kinesiology. Translated by Vali-ollah Dabidi Roshan. 1st ed, Published by The Organization for the Study and Compilation of the Books of the Humanities and Universities (SAMT) 2001.(Persian)
23. Sadeghi, H. (2009). Introduction to sport biomechanics. 1st ed, Published by The Organization for the Study and Compilation of the Books of the Humanities and Universities (SAMT). (Persian
24. Ramezani-Nejad, R. (1998). Physical-motor development and development. 1st ed, Published by University of Guilan. (Persian)